Two defense industries in one pavilion: What I saw at Eurosatory

3 July, 11:56 AM

Opinion

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An interceptor drone flies. It catches up with a target, hits it, and the target falls. The foreign founder plays the video on a loop at his booth. He is visibly proud, and he has reason to be: He is presenting an elegant solution.

But the questions come quickly.

I ask the first one right away: Why does your target simply fall? We are used to a different picture, where an interception ends with an explosion. The founder is happy to explain: Our interceptor has no warhead. It knocks down a drone mechanically, without detonation.

Fine. But what if the drone you just shot down is carrying a warhead of its own? Then it falls — onto a city, a building, people.

And I see the founder freeze. It seems he simply had not thought about that.

I went to Eurosatory 2026 to look at the market — who is selling what, to whom and for how much. I came back with something else entirely. Because the main thing I saw there was not weapons. Under one roof stood two defense industries that live by opposite rules and barely understand each other. One of them is Ukrainian. And as strange as it may sound for a country in its 12th year of war, it is the one behaving like a normal market. I will explain why I think that matters beyond the defense industry.

This year, Eurosatory broke its own records: more than 2,600 companies, 185,000 square meters and delegations from nearly 100 countries. Ukraine’s pavilion grew from five companies in 2024 to more than 80.

I spoke with our manufacturers, and almost all of them said the same thing: It is great that we are here. They were happy because many were exhibiting abroad for the first time, at a major venue. Foreign delegations came up to them, examined their products and got to know them.

Then I asked an uncomfortable question: Will this affect sales? Usually there was a pause, followed by an honest “well ... we don’t know.” No one promised themselves contracts or pretended the trip would sell anything by itself.

I liked that uncertainty more than any upbeat report. Behind it is the right market instinct. A Ukrainian manufacturer thinks like a market player: looking for a customer, a partner, the next step, while understanding that none of it is guaranteed. This is the normal anxiety of a normal business that lives on sales, not subsidies.

There, at Eurosatory, stood foreign companies that, in effect, do not need customers.

I did not understand this right away. You walk past a booth — meetings are being scheduled, catalogs are being handed out, all the usual trade-show machinery is there. But once you start asking questions, it turns out the company has one contract. With its own government. For the next 10 years. Roughly speaking, for one component for one vehicle. The company is not looking for new customers or partners. It is not looking for anything at all. It came simply to be seen at Eurosatory.

There were hundreds of representatives like that: uncorking champagne and wine at their booths as soon as the clock hit 2 p.m., or gathering their things and heading off on tours of Paris with friends and colleagues. Their presence there is a report for the marketing team, investors and management. It is definitely not about finding new money or technology.

For part of the European market, where the industry has lived for decades on government orders, this is simply a different model. Your goal is not to find 10 customers. It is to secure one big government contract that solves the problem of stability for years. After that, the exhibition can become an annual ritual. The biggest players do exactly that: set up a booth, hold the required meetings and quietly begin winding down by lunchtime.

I am not saying this is bad. I am saying it is a different game. And when these two models end up in neighboring halls, the difference is hard to miss.

One of these models has a side effect worth spelling out. When the market does not pressure you, the product gradually stops being tested against reality. The scene with the interceptor drone is the best illustration of a whole layer of manufacturers. It is a good engineering solution that no one checked against a simple question: What happens in real combat, in a real city, with real consequences?

The point is not that the engineers are bad. It is that no one has ever forced them to think about it. In their model, a government contract stands between the product and reality — not the enemy.

As a specialist working in intelligence, I have repeatedly had the chance to speak with intelligence analysts at major defense companies. My interest was simple: What do they do differently? That discovery became one of my most important professional insights. For them, intelligence means software, analytical reports from the Defense Ministry and the competitive advantages of certain components — nothing more. Unfortunately.

They entrust this function solely to the state and do not want to develop the in-house expertise to do it themselves. Reflecting on those conversations, I identified the core problem in that approach: reliance on a single source. And that is a very risky path.

I am not an arms maker, and I will not pretend to judge which drone is better. That is not my expertise, and that is not what this piece is about. I am interested in the market and how its players behave. And their behavior showed one simple thing.

Ukraine’s defense industry has been hardened precisely by what it lacks: guarantees. We do not have a 10-year contract that lets us breathe easy. Every product is tested every day by the harshest customer in the world: an enemy that will either prove it works or prove it does not. It is a brutal school. But it creates a reflex that no government order can buy: asking “does it actually work?” before asking “does it look good at the booth?”

And that, to me, is an underrated Ukrainian export. Not only drones and platforms, but the habit of proving yourself every day. Europe now urgently wants to learn Ukrainian speed. It would be good if, along with speed, it adopted that habit as well.

For now, two defense industries stood side by side at Eurosatory and did not really understand each other. I walked between them and thought that one of these pavilions would someday be written about in textbooks. And it is definitely not the one that packed up by lunchtime.

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